Influencia de la variabilidad climática en la modelación estadística de extremos hidrológicos en el Valle Alto del río Cauca, Colombia

Climatic variability associated to the ENSO has profound socio-economic impact on the northwestern of South America. In Colombia, the ENSO warm phase, El Niño, decreases precipitation, is associated with droughts and low river flows. In contrast, the cold phase of the ENSO, La Niña, generates the opposite side effect including water overflowing emergencies at the local and the regional scale. In the country every 2 or 4 years, floods can directly affect over 500,000 people. In contrast to the large water availability (more than 5000 m3 per capita) also have been observed 12 severe droughts in the last five decades. These two hydro-meteorological events can be examined using the statistical modeling of Frequency Analysis to prognostic the behavior of a hydrologic variable beyond the known record period. The resulting model serve to the sizing of hydraulic structures, further implemented as firewall against the change-effect of extreme hydrologic events. Often Hydrological Statistics are based on the hypothesis that the data time series are stationary. However, climatic variability and human induced changes on natural resources can also affect the behavior in time-based hydrologic variables. Here this research-work implements non-stationary statistical modeling to improve our understanding of flooding¿s risk as well as the risk associated to droughts in Colombia. This work aims to analyze the non-stationarity estimates of extreme hydrologic indices, and further make detailed comparisons among different non-stationary models. The study site is the Cauca River high basin known as Valle Alto. This inter-Andean river basin has been shown strongly influenced by ENSO and it is interesting research case due the fact that the waterflow regime has been altered by a reservoir located headwaters of the basin.
[Valencia: 2017]

Compartir: